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Fertility preservation & assisted reproduction

Fertilityย 
preservation

& assisted reproduction

The egg freezing process

Egg freezing involves 4 main steps:

  1. 1Checking you over to make sure youโ€™re ready
  2. 2Stimulating the ovaries to develop multiple eggs
  3. 3Collecting the developed eggs โ€“ this is known as egg retrieval
  4. 4Freezing and storing selected eggs

Step 1: Preparing for egg freezing

Youโ€™ll have a consultation with a doctor about what youโ€™re hoping to achieve with egg freezing, and theyโ€™ll take a medical history and run a number of tests. These will measure hormone levels and give an indication of your ovarian reserve and all-round suitability for egg freezing. If the tests show that you are suitable for egg freezing and ready to start, youโ€™ll be prescribed a set of medications โ€“ often injections but may be pills, gels or patches.

A healthcare professional should show you how to inject yourself before you go home.

Youโ€™ll have a consultation with a doctor about what youโ€™re hoping to achieve with egg freezing, and theyโ€™ll take a medical history and run a number of tests. These will measure hormone levels and give an indication of your ovarian reserve and all-round suitability for egg freezing. If the tests show that you are suitable for egg freezing and ready to start, youโ€™ll be prescribed a set of medications โ€“ often injections but may be pills, gels or patches.
A healthcare professional should show you how to inject yourself before you go home.

Step 2: Ovarian stimulation

Normally, the ovaries take turns to develop and release one egg at a time. Occasionally more than one egg is released in a cycle โ€“ this is how fraternal twins come about! In egg freezing, though, we want to bypass this process and develop multiple eggs at the same time.

The treatments prescribed to prepare for egg freezing each have a different role:

  • To regulate your menstrual cycle so ovulation can be predicted more accurately
  • To discourage your body from ovulating normally so the ovarian stimulation hormones can work more effectively
  • To stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs
  • To stimulate the eggs into the final stage of maturation, ready for fertilisation

You will usually inject yourself with these hormones at home, but your clinician or nurse will show you how to do it. You will then need to go into your clinic to be monitored by ultrasound, which provides images of the ovaries and growing follicles to check the hormones are working as they should.

Did you know?

About 1 in 4 women can get side effects from the hormonal injections, such as:

  • Bloating
  • Mood swings
  • Feeling cold
  • Sore breasts
  • Difficulty sleeping
  • Headaches
  • Feeling hot
Did you know?
About 1 in 4 women can get side effects from the hormonal injections, such as:
  • Bloating
  • Mood swings
  • Feeling cold
  • Sore breasts
  • Difficulty sleeping
  • Headaches
  • Feeling hot

In rare cases (around 1-5% of IVF cycles) the medications used to stimulate the ovaries can work too hard, causing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). In OHSS your ovaries may become swollen and/or sore leading to pain in the abdomen, bloating, nausea and vomiting. OHSS often clears up on its own but if you are struggling with the symptoms get in touch with your clinic urgently.

In rare casesย (around 1-5% of IVF cycles) the medications used to stimulate the ovaries can work too hard, causing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). In OHSS your ovaries may become swollen and/or sore leading to pain in the abdomen, bloating, nausea and vomiting. OHSS often clears up on its own but if you are struggling with the symptoms get in touch with your clinic urgently.

Step 3: Egg retrieval

Youโ€™ll need to go to your clinic for this procedure. The process itself takes around 15 minutes, although you may be in the clinic for a lot longer than that as the medical team may want to run some last-minute tests, and youโ€™ll need to rest afterwards while the anaesthetic wears off.

Sometimes egg collection is done:

  • While youโ€™re awake but sedated (given calming medication)
  • While youโ€™re awake under a local anaesthetic (you canโ€™t feel whatโ€™s going on)
  • While youโ€™re sleep, under a general anaesthetic

Every clinic is different, so you should talk to your doctor about the standard procedures where they are.

The surgeons will go in through the vagina to collect the eggs individually, picking them up one by one with a fine syringe.

Youโ€™ll need to go to your clinic for this procedure. The process itself takes around 15 minutes, although you may be in the clinic for a lot longer than that as the medical team may want to run some last-minute tests, and youโ€™ll need to rest afterwards while the anaesthetic wears off.
Sometimes egg collection is done:
  • While youโ€™re awake but sedated (given calming medication)
  • While youโ€™re awake under a local anaesthetic (you canโ€™t feel whatโ€™s going on)
  • While youโ€™re sleep, under a general anaesthetic
Every clinic is different, so you should talk to your doctor about the standard procedures where they are.
ย 
The surgeons will go in through the vagina to collect the eggs individually, picking them up one by one with a fine syringe.

Step 4: Cryopreservation - freezing and storing

As soon as your eggs are collected they will be quickly frozen in a technique called vitrification,ย then stored in tanks of liquid nitrogen.

Afterwards
You may be a bit uncomfortable immediately after the egg collection procedure, and it may take a while to recover from the sedation. You should be able to go home the same day and back to work the next day, but itโ€™s not advisable to drive, drink alcohol, use heavy machinery or make important decisions for 24 hours after sedation.

You might also experience some cramp-like pain for the next day or two.

Dealing with nerves
ย 
There arenโ€™t many people who enjoy medical procedures, so if youโ€™re feeling a little apprehensive about the process, youโ€™re not alone. It might help to focus on what you could do after the procedure โ€“ having a little treat to look forward to like a takeaway or a bubble bath can help take your mind off the present.

As soon as your eggs are collected they will be quickly frozen in a technique called vitrification, then stored in tanks of liquid nitrogen.

Afterwards
You may be a bit uncomfortable immediately after the egg collection procedure, and it may take a while to recover from the sedation. You should be able to go home the same day and back to work the next day, but itโ€™s not advisable to drive, drink alcohol, use heavy machinery or make important decisions for 24 hours after sedation.

You might also experience some cramp-like pain for the next day or two.

Dealing with nerves
There arenโ€™t many people who enjoy medical procedures, so if youโ€™re feeling a little apprehensive about the process, youโ€™re not alone. It might help to focus on what you could do after the procedure โ€“ having a little treat to look forward to like a takeaway or a bubble bath can help take your mind off the present.

The egg freezing process

Egg freezing involves 4 main steps:

  1. 1Checking you over to make sure youโ€™re ready
  2. 2Stimulating the ovaries to develop multiple eggs
  3. 3Collecting the developed eggs โ€“ this is known as egg retrieval
  4. 4Freezing and storing selected eggs
You will then need to go into your clinic to be monitored by ultrasound, which provides images of the ovaries and growing follicles to check the hormones are working as they should.

Step 1: Preparing for egg freezing

Youโ€™ll have a consultation with a doctor about what youโ€™re hoping to achieve with egg freezing, and theyโ€™ll take a medical history and run a number of tests. These will measure hormone levels and give an indication of your ovarian reserve and all-round suitability for egg freezing. If the tests show that you are suitable for egg freezing and ready to start, youโ€™ll be prescribed a set of medications โ€“ often injections but may be pills, gels or patches.

A healthcare professional should show you how to inject yourself before you go home.

Youโ€™ll have a consultation with a doctor about what youโ€™re hoping to achieve with egg freezing, and theyโ€™ll take a medical history and run a number of tests. These will measure hormone levels and give an indication of your ovarian reserve and all-round suitability for egg freezing. If the tests show that you are suitable for egg freezing and ready to start, youโ€™ll be prescribed a set of medications โ€“ often injections but may be pills, gels or patches.
A healthcare professional should show you how to inject yourself before you go home.

Step 2: Ovarian stimulation

Normally, the ovaries take turns to develop and release one egg at a time. Occasionally more than one egg is released in a cycle โ€“ this is how fraternal twins come about! In egg freezing, though, we want to bypass this process and develop multiple eggs at the same time.

The treatments prescribed to prepare for egg freezing each have a different role:

  • To regulate your menstrual cycle so ovulation can be predicted more accurately
  • To discourage your body from ovulating normally so the ovarian stimulation hormones can work more effectively
  • To stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs
  • To stimulate the eggs into the final stage of maturation, ready for fertilisation

You will usually inject yourself with these hormones at home, but your clinician or nurse will show you how to do it. You will then need to go into your clinic to be monitored by ultrasound, which provides images of the ovaries and growing follicles to check the hormones are working as they should.

Did you know?
About 1 in 4 women can get side effects from the hormonal injections, such as:
  • Bloating
  • Mood swings
  • Feeling cold
  • Sore breasts
  • Difficulty sleeping
  • Headaches
  • Feeling hot
In rare casesย (around 1-5% of IVF cycles) the medications used to stimulate the ovaries can work too hard, causing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). In OHSS your ovaries may become swollen and/or sore leading to pain in the abdomen, bloating, nausea and vomiting. OHSS often clears up on its own but if you are struggling with the symptoms get in touch with your clinic urgently.

Step 3: Egg retrieval

Youโ€™ll need to go to your clinic for this procedure. The process itself takes around 15 minutes, although you may be in the clinic for a lot longer than that as the medical team may want to run some last-minute tests, and youโ€™ll need to rest afterwards while the anaesthetic wears off.

Sometimes egg collection is done:

  • While youโ€™re awake but sedated (given calming medication)
  • While youโ€™re awake under a local anaesthetic (you canโ€™t feel whatโ€™s going on)
  • While youโ€™re sleep, under a general anaesthetic

Every clinic is different, so you should talk to your doctor about the standard procedures where they are.

The surgeons will go in through the vagina to collect the eggs individually, picking them up one by one with a fine syringe.

Youโ€™ll need to go to your clinic for this procedure. The process itself takes around 15 minutes, although you may be in the clinic for a lot longer than that as the medical team may want to run some last-minute tests, and youโ€™ll need to rest afterwards while the anaesthetic wears off.
Sometimes egg collection is done:
  • While youโ€™re awake but sedated (given calming medication)
  • While youโ€™re awake under a local anaesthetic (you canโ€™t feel whatโ€™s going on)
  • While youโ€™re sleep, under a general anaesthetic
Every clinic is different, so you should talk to your doctor about the standard procedures where they are.
ย 
The surgeons will go in through the vagina to collect the eggs individually, picking them up one by one with a fine syringe.

Step 4: Cryopreservation - freezing and storing

As soon as your eggs are collected they will be quickly frozen in a technique called vitrification,ย then stored in tanks of liquid nitrogen.

Afterwards
You may be a bit uncomfortable immediately after the egg collection procedure, and it may take a while to recover from the sedation. You should be able to go home the same day and back to work the next day, but itโ€™s not advisable to drive, drink alcohol, use heavy machinery or make important decisions for 24 hours after sedation.

You might also experience some cramp-like pain for the next day or two.

Dealing with nerves
ย 
There arenโ€™t many people who enjoy medical procedures, so if youโ€™re feeling a little apprehensive about the process, youโ€™re not alone. It might help to focus on what you could do after the procedure โ€“ having a little treat to look forward to like a takeaway or a bubble bath can help take your mind off the present.

As soon as your eggs are collected they will be quickly frozen in a technique called vitrification, then stored in tanks of liquid nitrogen.

Afterwards
You may be a bit uncomfortable immediately after the egg collection procedure, and it may take a while to recover from the sedation. You should be able to go home the same day and back to work the next day, but itโ€™s not advisable to drive, drink alcohol, use heavy machinery or make important decisions for 24 hours after sedation.

You might also experience some cramp-like pain for the next day or two.

Dealing with nerves

There arenโ€™t many people who enjoy medical procedures, so if youโ€™re feeling a little apprehensive about the process, youโ€™re not alone. It might help to focus on what you could do after the procedure โ€“ having a little treat to look forward to like a takeaway or a bubble bath can help take your mind off the present.

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Share your answer to see how others responded.
Your answers will help us to ensure our content is useful for people who want to learn more about fertility and reproductive choices.
Do you feel more informed about fertility?
Yes
75%
No
25%
Before discovering our content, what did you believe was the primary cause of fertility issues?
Poor diet
43%
Excessive consumption of alcohol
32%
Smoking
11%
Age
11%
Other
4%
Since learning more, what do you now believe is the main cause of fertility issues?
Poor diet
32%
Excessive consumption of alcohol
24%
Smoking
7%
Age
37%
Since learning more, what will you do now?
Use knowledge for informed decisions
42%
Consider altering future plans
24%
Consider talking with a fertility specialist
21%
Book an appointment with a fertility specialist
12%
How old are you?
<25 years
24%
26-30 years
47%
31-35 years
15%
36-40 years
9%
>40 years
6%

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